Guidelines for Preparation of Manuscripts Submitted to the Finnish Yearbook of Population Research

General

The manuscripts should be in English and sent as an email attachment in Word 6 or a later version. All tables and figures should be sent as separate original files. The text should be double spaced and each page should have ca. 30 lines. The optimum length of the manuscript is ca. 20 pages, tables and original figures included. As to the overall appearance of the book, please see back issues of the Yearbook.

Title page

The title page should include the title of the article, the author's name, academic degree, position, and institutional affiliation followed by the abstract. The first letter of the major words of the title must be capitalized. The words of the title should be in lower case.

Abstract

Each article must have an informative abstract of not more than 150 words. The abstract should state the topics, methods, and results of the study, as well as the keywords.

Tables

Please number the tables consecutively in the order in which they are cited in the text. (Tables will be placed as close as possible to the place where they are first mentioned in the text).

Capitalize the first word in the title. The title should be placed above the table.

Do not use horizontal or vertical lines in the body of the table.

Figures

The figures must be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are cited in the text. The first word in the title must be capitalized. The title should be placed above the figure.

Footnotes and endnotes

Footnotes and endnotes should be avoided.

Text

* Abbreviations: Write out abbreviations at first use in the text and abbreviate after that: "community-based distribution (CBD) was examined..."

* Numbers: Use 1,000 instead of 1000. Write 3.6%, not 3.6 % and per thousand, not o/oo. Write percent, not per cent.

* Hyphenation: 10-year age group, population aged 55-64, five-year age group, sixty-five-year-old person, 55-64-year-olds, age-specific, two-thirds, one-third

* Without hyphen: socioeconomic, extramarital, premarital, breakup, noneconomic, nonmarital, southwestern

* In the 1950s, not in the 1950's

* Plural verb: Forty-six percent of adolescent women have had..., nearly one-third of adult men have had..., only part of all abortions are known..., one-fifth of all women were married...

* Headings: All headings should be in lower case and only the first word capitalized.

According to Anglo-American usage, references in text are not gathered at the end of every paragraph to show where the ideas came from, instead references tend to come earlier in the paragraph, as the ideas are presented (Guidelines... 2001).

References are usually written inside a sentence, before the period, regardless of whether they refer to a single sentence or a longer passage. (Guidelines... 2001).

Documentation

The author-date system is used in documentation. The references should be given within the text itself. Footnotes or endnotes should not be used. If you refer in the course of the paper to two or more publications by the same author in the same year, the form is e.g. Jones 1983a, Jones 1983b. Each reference cited in the text must be included in the reference list at the end of the manuscript, and vice versa. Citations in the text should include the author's surname and year of publication in the following style:

* One author: Pitkänen (1993) or (Pitkänen 1993)

* Two authors: Lutz and Prinz (1992) or (Lutz and Prinz 1992)

* Three authors: Include all authors at first mention in text; subsequent references to the same citation should include first author followed by "et al."

* Four or more authors: Use the name of first author followed by "et al." (Valkonen et al. 1992), BUT include all author names in the reference list.

* Cite multiple references within parentheses alphabetically; separate with semicolons: (Lutz and Prinz 1992; Reijo and Valkonen 1993).

* When a publication bears no author's name and is published by a group, government agency, or an association the name of that group may serve as the author in text references or reference lists: (International Statistics Institute 1964) or the shortened version in text references (ISA 1964).

* Citation of particular pages: (Valkonen 1992, 157-58)

* Two or more works by the same author: (Kannisto 1988, 1990)

* Manuscripts accepted for publication but not yet published: Mielke and Pitkänen (in press) or Mielke and Pitkänen, in press.

* In case of needing to refer at second hand, inform this e.g. thus ( Jones 1874, as cited in Smith 1990) Both Jones and Smith then get full entries in the Reference List.

* Dictionaries and encyclopedias: (The Multilingual...1982), (The New Encyclopedia...1974).

Reference list

* A complete reference includes author, the year of publication, title of work, and publishing information.

* Cite references in alphabetical order by first author's surname. References by a single author precede multiauthored works by the same author, regardless of date. For works with multiple authors, include the names of all the authors. Include first names whenever possible. (See example below.) Insert a period and space after each initial of an author's name.

* List multiple works by the same author(s) chronologically, beginning with earliest date of publication. Use a long dash when the author(s) is (are) the same as in the immediately preceding citation.

* Encyclopedias and dictionaries are listed by title, not by editor.

* "In press" or "forthcoming" citations must have been accepted for publication; the name of the journal or publisher should be included.

* Journals: Title of article: capitalize only first letter of first word and proper nouns; end with period. Journal title: capitalize first letter of every major word. Include volume and number of journal issue and pages of article. Style for page numbers: 32-7; 271-9; 1,021-79.

* Monographs: Title of book: capitalize only first letter of first word and proper nouns; end with period. Provide edition and series information if relevant. Cite city/state (U.S.) or city/country (non-U.S.), and publisher (not printer).

* Translation of references: the Finnish or Swedish title should be translated into English and the translation is placed in square brackets after the title.

Reference examples

Journal, single author

Valkonen, Tapani. 1992. Trends in regional and socio-economic mortality differentials in Finland. International Journal of Health Sciences 3(3/4):157-66.

Journal, multiple authors

Mielke, James H. and Kari J. Pitkänen. 1989. War demography: the impact of the 1808-09 war on the civilian population of Åland, Finland. European Journal of Population 5(4):373-98.

Unpublished paper presented at meetings and conferences

Säävälä, Minna. 2008. Nordic immigration policies and the reality of arranged marriages among immigrants.
Paper presented at The 16th Nordic Demographic Symposium: Family Forerunners? Families and Demographic Processes in Northern Europe, Helsinki, 5-7 June 2008.

Book

Valkonen, Tapani, Tuija Martelin, Arja Rimpelä, Veijo Notkola, and Soili Savela. 1993. Socioeconomic mortality differences in Finland 1981-90. Population 1993, No. 1. Helsinki: Statistics Finland.

Book published by an organization, association, or corporation as "author"

ISA (International Statistics Institute). 1964. Proceedings of the 34th session, International Statistics Institute, Ottawa, 1963. 2 vols. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Statistics Finland. 2010. Väestönmuutokset 2008 [Vital statistics]. Population 2010. Helsinki: Statistics Finland.

Encyclopedias and dictionaries

Multilingual Demographic Dictionary: English Section. 1982. Edited by Etienne van de Walle and Louis Henry. Liege: Ordina Editions.

The New Encyclopedia Britannica. 1974. Volume 16. Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.

Book chapter

Hobcraft, John. 1993. Data needs for fertility analysis in the 1990s. In: European population, Volume 2: Demographic dynamics, edited by Alain Blum and Jean Louis Rallu, pp. 447-60, Congresses & Colloquia, No. 9. Montrouge, France: John Libbey Eurotext.

Multiple citations by same author(s)

Kannisto, Väinö. 1988. On the survival of centenarians and the span of life. Population Studies 42(3):389-6.

---. 1990. Mortality of the elderly in late l9th and early 20th century Finland. Studies, No. 175. Helsinki: Central Statistical Office of Finland.Working Paper

Working paper

Reijo, Marie. 1992. Disability and mortality among middle-aged males in counties of Finland. IIASA Working Paper, No. WP 92-37. Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems.

Translation of references

Lehto, Eero. 1992. Pienet ikäluokat - suuret eläkkeet [Small age groups - high pensions]. TTT Katsaus 20(4):14-25.

Electronic references

Journals

Kannisto, Väinö. 2000. Measuring the compression of mortality. Demographic Research [online]. 12 September 2000, Vol. 3, No. 6 [cited 12 February 2010]. Available from: <http://www.demographic-research.org/>.

Books

The International Encyclopedia of Sexuality [online]. 1997. New York: NY: Continuum. [cited 12 February 2010]. Available from: <http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/sexology/GESUND/ARCHIV/IES/BEGIN.HTM>. 3-Volume Set.

Book chapters

Kontula, Osmo and Elina Haavio-Mannila. 1997. Finland (Suomen tasavalta) In: The International Encyclopedia of Sexuality [online]. [cited 12 February 2010]. New York, NY: Continuum. Available from: <http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/sexology/GESUND/ARCHIV/IES/FINLAND.HTM#FINLAND>.Vol. 1

Statistical table

United Nations Population Division. 2009. World contraceptive use 2009. [online]. New York, NY: United Nations, Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. [cited 16 February 2010]. Available from: <http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WCU2009/WCP_2009/Data.html>.

Sources used

The Chicago Manual of Style. 1993. 14th ed. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.

Guidelines for Essays and Assignments, Term papers and Take-home examinations, Proseminar and Seminar papers, Research papers, Pro Gradu theses...2001. Helsinki: University of Helsinki, Department of English, Faculty of Humanities.

Guidelines for Preparation of Manuscripts Submitted to Population Index. February 16, 1993. Princeton, NJ: Population Index.

International Standard ISO 690-2. 1997. Information and documentation. Bibliographic refererences. Part 2: Electronic documents or parts thereof.

May, Eva. 1993. Tiedettä englanniksi: akateemisen kirjoittamisen käsikirja. Language Centre Materials, No. 103. Jyväskylä: Jyväskylän yliopisto, Korkeakoulujen kielikeskus.

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. 2006. Fifth edition. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Updated on February 16, 2010